传感器辅助的WiFi指纹室内定位方法

针对Wi Fi指纹室内定位技术中信号传播时变性大导致定位精度低的问题,提出一种传感器辅助的Wi Fi指纹定位方法。首先根据移动终端内置的加速度传感器判断用户的走步状态,以减少信号时变所引起的定位误差;然后利用终端中的磁力计与陀螺仪,通过传感器融合来计算用户的运动方向。最后结合所得的方向信息和历史位置计算终端位置,以减少指纹图中与终端反向的指纹带来的干扰,从而减少指纹匹配计算的复杂度。实验结果表明,提出的传感器辅助Wi Fi指纹定位技术能减小位置估计误差并提高定位的鲁棒性。     

Energy-Efficient Large-Scale Antenna Systems with Hybrid Digital-Analog Beamforming Structure

A large-scale antenna system(LSAS) with digital beamforming is expected to significantly increase energy efficiency(EE) and spectral efficiency(SE) in a wireless communication system. However, there are many challenging issues related to calibration, energy consumption, and cost in implementing a digital beamforming structure in an LSAS. In a practical LSAS deployment, hybrid digital-analog beamforming structures with active antennas can be used. In this paper, we investigate the optimal antenna configuration in an N × M beamforming structure, where N is the number of transceivers, M is the number of active antennas per transceiver, where analog beamforming is introduced for individual transceivers and digital beamforming is introduced across all N transceivers. We analyze the green point, which is the point of maximum EE on the EE-SE curve, and show that the log-scale EE scales linearly with SE along a slope of-lg2/N. We investigate the effect of M on EE for a given SE value in the case of fixed NM and independent N and M. In both cases, there is a unique optimal M that results in optimal EE. In the case of independent N and M, there is no optimal(N, M) combination for optimizing EE. The results of numerical simulations are provided, and these results support our analysis.     

基于MIMO-OFDM系统的盲源分离算法研究

为了实现使用OFDM调制的MIMO系统的盲源分离问题,提出了在接收端使用Nyquist频率对接收到的信号进行采样的,从而将原始的MIMO-OFDM系统盲源分离问题转变为N组的独立分量分离的问题.通过将FastICA算法扩展到复数域,在频域中对每一组相同子载波上的信号进行独立分量分析,最终实现信号的盲分离.仿真实验获得的结果证实了该方案具有良好的恢复效果,且算法收敛的迭代次数只需要8～10次.     

一款高性能时钟驱动器电路的设计

时钟器件芯片可以实现通信网定时同步、时钟产生、时钟恢复和抖动滤除、频率合成和转换、时钟分发和驱动等功能。在系统设计中,选用好的时钟驱动芯片,可以省去系统时钟树设计,既节省空间,又提高系统性能。介绍一款高性能时钟驱动器的集成电路设计方法,主要性能要求有:低传播延时、低输出偏斜、低输出抖动、抗电磁干扰能力、抗ESD能力,一一详述了达到各项要求的设计。     

一种太赫兹微流控芯片

很多生物大分子和糖类的特征振动模式恰好位于太赫兹频段内,使得太赫兹成为一种有潜力的生物化学传感工具。水对于生物分子发挥其功能有着至关重要的作用,而由于水对太赫兹辐射有极强的吸收性,研究液体样品的太赫兹透射谱很难。设计了一款太赫兹微流控芯片,以石英片作为基底,利用光刻技术在石英片上制作出高度50 μm的微流通道,从而减少水的吸收;聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)作为盖膜与石英片键合后打孔。分别在太赫兹时域光谱系统中测量了芯片的透过率、水的吸收系数以及折射率,在透过率高于30%的0.2 THz~1 THz频段内水的吸收系数没有明显峰值出现,且随着频率的增加而单调递增,与前期考察结果一致。此微流控芯片有潜力用于液体在0.2 THz~1 THz频段内的光谱测量,实现对小剂量生物化学液体样品的实时、无标记传感。     

In-depth analysis of drivers’ merging behavior and rear-end crash risks in work zone merging areas

This study investigates the drivers’ merging behavior and the rear-end crash risk in work zone merging areas during the entire merging implementation period from the time of starting a merging maneuver to that of completing the maneuver. With the merging traffic data from a work zone site in Singapore, a mixed probit model is developed to describe the merging behavior, and two surrogate safety measures including the time to collision (TTC) and deceleration rate to avoid the crash (DRAC) are adopted to compute the rear-end crash risk between the merging vehicle and its neighboring vehicles. Results show that the merging vehicle has a bigger probability of completing a merging maneuver quickly under one of the following situations: (i) the merging vehicle moves relatively fast; (ii) the merging lead vehicle is a heavy vehicle; and (iii) there is a sizable gap in the adjacent through lane. Results indicate that the rear-end crash risk does not monotonically increase as the merging vehicle speed increases. The merging vehicle's rear-end crash risk is also affected by the vehicle type. There is a biggest increment of rear-end crash risk if the merging lead vehicle belongs to a heavy vehicle. Although the reduced remaining distance to work zone could urge the merging vehicle to complete a merging maneuver quickly, it might lead to an increased rear-end crash risk. Interestingly, it is found that the rear-end crash risk could be generally increased over the elapsed time after the merging maneuver being triggered.     

改性丝瓜络对铜离子吸附的研究

在柠檬酸溶液中,以硫酸氢钠为催化剂,通过酯化反应制备了改性丝瓜络重金属离子吸附剂。研究了不同温度下其对Cu(Ⅱ)的静态吸附性能,测定了不同温度下的吸附曲线,并通过SEM及XRD对碱处理前后的丝瓜络进行了表征。结果表明,改性丝瓜络在不同温度下的吸附过程符合一级动力学模型;SEM分析表明碱处理后表面有明显的沟壑;XRD分析显示碱处理后丝瓜络结晶度降低了13.4%。     

电动汽车造型设计分析

内燃式发动机汽车的污染问题已经迫在眉睫,而新能源汽车则能很好地解决这一问题.其中电动汽车能大大提高能量利用率,在原本的内燃式发动机汽车的机械传动被更改为电能传动时,不必要的传动损耗被减少.电动汽车的能源利用效率高达19％以上,而内燃式发动机汽车则低于12％.因此电动汽车较于内燃式发动机汽车拥有较多优势,大力发展电动汽车也是大势所趋.本文首先分析了电动汽车的发展背景,在此基础上提出电动汽车的造型趋势,对轻量化设计和模块化设计重点进行了分析.其次基于人机工程学对电动汽车造型的主要人机界面进行了分析.